Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

Selection criteria. Country: any country. Associated organism: any (distribution map)

Number of records. 905. Date information. 1899 (Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec). Countries. Angola, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Barbados, Bermuda, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, former USSR, former Yugoslavia, France, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, México, Morocco, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Philippines, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Rumania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tadjikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad & Tobago, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, USA, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Virgin Islands, Zambia, Zimbabwe, country not noted. Associated organisms. Absidia spinosa; Achaetomium globosum; Acroconidiellina chloridis; Acrophialophora fusispora; Acrophialophora nainiana; Acrothecium yaqueanum; Agrocybe cubensis; Alternaria alternata; Alternaria tenuissima; Alternaria vitis; Alternaria sp.; Amerosporium polynematoides; Arthrinium sacchari; Ascochyta graminea; Ascochyta graminicola; Ascochyta sorghi; Ascochyta sp.; Aspergillus crassihyphae; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus niger; Aspergillus terreus; Asteroma martianoffianum; Athelia rolfsii; Balansia cynodontis; Balansia epichloë; Balansia oryzae-sativae; Balansia peregianensis; Balansia sacchari; Balansia stenospila; Barnettella indica; Bartalinia robillardoides; Bipolaris cynodontis; Bipolaris hawaiiensis; Bipolaris sacchari; Blumeria graminis; Cercospora cynodontis; Cercospora vernoniae; Cercospora sp.; Cercosporella sp.; Cercosporidium graminis; Cerebella andropogonis; Chaetomium globosum; Chaetomium nigricolor; Chaetomium strumarium; Cladosporium herbarum; Cladosporium sp.; Claviceps cynodontis; Claviceps purpurea; Claviceps sp.; Cochliobolus carbonum; Cochliobolus cynodontis; Cochliobolus eragrostidis; Cochliobolus geniculatus; Cochliobolus hawaiiensis; Cochliobolus heterostrophus; Cochliobolus intermedius; Cochliobolus lunatus; Cochliobolus nodulosus; Cochliobolus peregianensis; Cochliobolus sativus; Cochliobolus spicifer; Colletotrichum caudatum; Colletotrichum curcumae; Coniothyrium fuegianum; Cryptodidymosphaeria clandestina; Curvularia clavata; Curvularia senegalensis; Curvularia sp.; Davisiella elymina; Dicladium graminicola; Didymosphaeria gregaria; Dinemasporium gramineum; Drechslera dematioidea; Drechslera gigantea; Drechslera papendorfii; Drechslera setariae; Drechslera triseptata; Drechslera sp.; Emericella nidulans; Emericella nidulans var. acristata; Endogonaceae gen.indet.; Ephelis sp.; Epicoccum nigrum; Erysiphe pallida; Fennellia flavipes; Fusarium chlamydosporum; Fusarium heterosporum; Fusarium heterosporum var. congoense; Fusarium nivale; Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium poae; Fusarium scirpi var. filiferum; Fusarium sp.; Gibberella acuminata; Gibberella fujikuroi; Gibberella intricans; Gibberella tricincta; Glomerella graminicola; Glomerella tucumanensis; Helicobasidium brebissonii; Helminthosporium appatternae; Helminthosporium microsporum; Helminthosporium sp.; Hendersonia culmicola var. minor; Isariopsis indica var. zizyphi; Khuskia oryzae; Laetisaria fuciformis; Lasiostemma erysiphoides; Lepiota flavodisca; Leptosphaeria narmari; Leptosphaeria sp.; Leptosphaerulina trifolii; Macrophoma sp.; Magnaporthe grisea; Marasmiellus tricolor var. graminis; Microdochium sp.; Monotospora daleae; Mucor mucedo; Myrothecium gramineum; Myrothecium striatisporum; Myrothecium verrucaria; Nigrospora sp.; not identified; Oncopodium panici; Ophiosphaerella korrae; Ovularia carneola; Paecilomyces variotii; Penicillium viridicatum; Periconia atropurpurea; Periconia byssoides; Periconia clitoriae; Periconia echinochloae; Periconia ellisii; Periconia hispidula; Periconia laminella; Periconia lateralis; Periconia macrospinosa; Periconia madreeya; Periconia minutissima; Pestalotiopsis sp.; Phaeosphaeria nodorum; Phoma multirostrata; Phoma sorghina; Phoma terrestris; Phoma sp.; Phomopsis sp.; Phyllachora cynodontis; Phyllachora graminis; Phyllachora sp.; Physarum cinereum; Physarum didermoides; Physarum melleum; Physarum vernum; Physoderma cynodontis; Physoderma graminis; Placosphaeria cynodontis; Pleospora allii; Pleospora penicillus; Polymyxa graminis; Pringsheimia cynodontis; Pseudocochliobolus pallescens; Pseudocochliobolus verruculosus; Puccinia ctenolepidis; Puccinia cynodontis; Puccinia recondita; Puccinia wangikarii; Puccinia sp.; Pythium aphanidermatum; Pythium ultimum; Pythium sp.; Ramulispora sp.; Rhizoctonia cerealis; Rhizoctonia zeae; Rhizoctonia sp.; Rhynchosporium secalis; Rhytismatales fam.indet.; Rosellinia sp.; Sadasivania girisa; Sclerotinia homoeocarpa; Sclerotium portoricense; Septoria cynodontis; Setosphaeria rostrata; Setosphaeria turcica; Spegazzinia ornata; Spegazzinia tessarthra; Sphacelia sorghi; Sphacelia sp.; Sphaerodothis gramineae; Spilomyces gramineae; Talaromyces luteus; Thanatephorus cucumeris; Tharoopama trina; Thecaphora sp.; Tilletia montemartinii; Uredo sp.; Ustilaginales fam.indet. (flower); Ustilago cynodontis; Ustilago dregeana; Ustilago hitchcockiana; Ustilago paraguariensis; Ustilago segetum; Vinculum indicum. Collections. HACM [Darwin] 30351, 33308, 33309, 33860, 33876; HAJB [Darwin] 5758, 6188, 6339; IMI unnumbered; K 170348, unnumbered; NY unnumbered; PREM 22, 112, 145, 170, 577, 682, 904, 917, 935, 947, 1172, 2189, 5173, 5636, 9752, 10035, 10059, 10060, 11003, 11005, 11007, 11014, 11311, 11329, 11673, 11674, 11675, 11800, 12833, 12953, 15055, 15673, 17016, 18158, 20299, 20705, 21049, 21581, 23093, 23423, 23424, 23473, 24349, 24889, 24890, 25345, 25938, 26086, 26344, 27343, 27358, 27359, 27359, 27588, 28590, 29749, 29749, 29773, 29774, 29956, 29957, 29959, 29970, 29988, 29993, 30488, 30489, 31015, 31140, 32075, 32294, 32437, 32455, 32787, 33079, 34069, 34104, 34105, van der Byl 2099, van der Byl 225, van der Byl 2366, van der Byl 2367, van der Byl 2519, van der Byl 485, van der Byl 667; TGM [Darwin] 257, 258, 964, 965, 1010, 2218; TRIN 155, 343, 577, 630, 800, 979; URM 17384, 17385, 17386, 17387. Literature. Ahmad (1956); Ahmed (1952); Alcorn (1982); Alfieri, Wehlburg, Langdon & Kimbrough (1984); Anon. (1985); Arjunan, Vidhyasekaran & Kandaswamy (1976); Arnold (1986) page(s) 54, 36, 112, 59, 112; Arthur (1916) page(s) 20-21; Arthur (1917) page(s) 72; Baker & Dale (1948), 12; Baker & Dale (1951), 42, 59; Basuchaudhury & Singh (1971); Batista & Peres (1960) page(s) 10; Batista & Peres (1960) page(s) 15; Batista & Souza (1960) page(s) 14; Batista, Falcão, Peres & Moura (1966) page(s) 54; Batista, Maia, Vasconcelos & Peres (1960) page(s) 19; Bilgrami, Jamaluddin & Rizwi (1991) page(s) 107, 176, 186, 191, 234, 237, 366, 417, 522; Bisby & Wiehe (1953); Boughey (1946); Chantarasrikul (1963); Chardón & Toro (1934) page(s) 277; Chona & Munjal (1952); Ciferri (1961) page(s) 44, 298, 346, 349; Crahay, Dernoeden & O’Neill (1988); Crandall, Abrego & Patino (1951); Cusman (1983) page(s) Castellani (1988a) 28, Castellani (1988a) 67, Castellani (1988a) 68, Castellani (1988a) 71; Dale (1955), 6; Dennis (1970) page(s) 158, 224, 369; Desai & Patwardhan (1974); Deshpande & Deshpande (1970); Doidge (1950) page(s) 146, 149, 155, 183, 385, 406, 694, 720, 730, 737, 738; Dutta (1973); Ebbels & Allen (1979); Farr, Bills, Chamuris & Rossman (1989); Freeman & Mullin (1977); Freeman (1969); Gutsevich (1952) page(s) 22; Hawkes (1987); Hennen & Cummins (1956) page(s) 148-149; Herbert (1934); Hopkins (1950); Illichevskiy (1938); Illichevskyi (1938) page(s) 151, 154; Jamaluddin & Ojha (2004) page(s) 51; Kamal & Singh (1980); Kapoor & Gill (1962); Kern (1928) page(s) 69; Kern, Thurston Jr & Whetzel (1933) page(s) 468; Khan & Kamal (1968); Khanna (1963); Khasanov (1991) page(s) 360-361; Khokhar (1987); Langdon (1954); Latch, Christensen & Samuels (1984) page(s) 535-536; Lenné (1990) page(s) 41, 42, 43; Litzenberger & Stevenson (1957); Litzenberger, Farr & Ho Tong (1962); Litzenberger, Farr & Ho Tong (1963); Liu (1977); Mallik, Saleem & Shukla (1993); Matta (1956); Matta (1962); McDonald (1929); Mercado Sierra, Holubová-Jechová & Mena Portales (1997) page(s) 89, 91; Moskovets (1933) page(s) 77; Mundkur & Thirumalachar (1952); Murrill (1915) page(s) 259; Murrill (1917) page(s) 51; Murvanishvili (1994) page(s) 18, 46; Nakhutsrishvili (1986) page(s) 348, 391, 617, 626, 656; Nattrass (1961); Norse (1974); Nowsher & Shamin Shamsi (1986); Obregon (1964); Oehrens (1972) page(s) 22; Orieux & Felix (1968); Palarpawar & Ghurde (1989); Parbery (1971); Pavgi & Singh (1971); Pavgi & Thirumalachar (1954); Piepenbring & Rodríguez Hernández (1998) page(s) 137; Punithalingam (1979); Rangaswanii & Lucy Channamma (1970); Rao & Varghese (1980); Ricci, Geraldi & Ito (1981); Rieuf (1969) page(s) 18; Rieuf (1970) page(s) 219, 253, 290, 345; Riley (1956); Riley (1960); Rothwell (1983); Roy, Dwivedi & Khanna (1965); Saccardo (1884); Saini & Atri (1982); Satyanarayana & Rao (1971); Selivanov (1967) page(s) 218; Sharma & Nema (1991); Sharma & Sachan (1994); Shaw (1985); Silveira (1936); Simmonds (1966); Singh & Khare (1976); Singh & Misra (1980); Singh & Seth (1971); Siviour (1975); Somani (1979); Somani, Jadhav & Wangikar (1977); Sonoda (1977); Srivastava (1983); Standen (1952); Stevenson & Wellman (1944); Stevenson (1926); Stevenson (1975), 275, 491, 527, 490-491; Stewart & Yirgou (1967) page(s) 32; Subramanian (1954); Subramanian (1956); Tarr (1955) page(s) 26, 38, 41, 93; Teng (1996) page(s) 156, 218, 244; Thirumalachar & Pavgi (1954); Thirumalachar (1944); Thirumalachar (1950); Tollenaar & et al. (1970) page(s) 52; Tranzschel (1905) page(s) 34, 42; Urtiaga (1986) page(s) 56; Verma, Cheema & Bedi (1983); Wadhwani & Mehrotra (1982); Wadhwani & Mehrotra (1983); Wadhwani & Mehrotra (1985); Weber (1973); Wehmeyer (1964); Wiehe (1948); Wiehe (1953); Wu (1985); Zundel (1937).