| 1 |
|
Plants with no flowers or fruit, sporangios on underside of leaves (ferns) or in strobiles |
|
2 |
|
|
Plants with true flowers and fruit |
|
9 |
|
| 2 (1) |
|
Sporangios on underside of leaves, plants without seeds, leaves may be pinnate (ferns) |
|
3 |
|
|
Sporangios grouped in strobiles, plants with seeds, leaves pinnate |
|
Zamia amblyphyllidia |
|
| 3(2) |
|
Leaf surface entire |
|
4 |
|
|
Leaf surface pinnatisect, 1-pinnate or more |
|
5 |
|
| 4(3) |
|
Stem shortly trailing, leaf surface more than 20 cm long and 4 cm wide, sori in two lines on either side of lateral veins |
|
Campyloneurum phyllitidis |
|
|
Stem climbing, leaf surface at least 15 cm long, 1 cm wide, sori in one line on both side of midrib |
|
Microgramma heterophylla |
|
| 5 (3) |
|
Leaf pinnatisect |
|
Phlebodium aureum |
|
|
Leaf 1-pinnate or more |
|
6 |
|
| 6 (5) |
|
Leaves pseudo-dichotomous |
|
Dicranopteris pectinata |
|
|
Leaves never divided in dichotomous fashion |
|
7 |
|
| 7 (6) |
|
Pinnae adnate to rhachis |
|
Pecluma plumula |
|
|
Pinnae not adnate to rhachis |
|
8 |
|
| 8 (7) |
|
Sori oblong, over lateral veins of segments, stem scales latticed |
|
Asplenium dentatum |
|
|
Sori protected by leaf-margin's reflexed lobe, stem scales not latticed |
|
Adiantum fragile |
|
| 9 (1) |
|
Leaves simple |
|
10 |
|
|
Leaves compound |
|
50 |
|
| 10 (9) |
|
Leaves linear or lanceolate, with parallel venation |
|
11 |
|
|
Leaves in other shape, with pinnate venation |
|
28 |
|
| 11 (10) |
|
Leaves more than 60 cm long and 6 cm wide |
|
12 |
|
|
Leaves under 60 cm long and 6 cm wide |
|
14 |
|
| 12 (11) |
|
Leaves succulent, thick, inflorescences over 1 m long |
|
13 |
|
|
Leaves not succulent, papery, inflorescences under 1 m long |
|
Hohenbergia penduliflora |
|
| 13 (12) |
|
Leaves markedly mucronate, flowers with yellow perianth |
|
Agave tubulata |
|
|
Leaves not markedly mucronate, flowers with white perianth |
|
Furcraea hexapetala |
|
| 14 (11) |
|
Plants epiphyitic |
|
15 |
|
|
Plants ground growing, may be climbing |
|
21 |
|
| 15 (14) |
|
Leaves papery, in rosette, flowers more or less actinomorphic |
|
16 |
|
|
Leaves fleshy or coriaceous, not in rosette, flowers very zigomorphic |
|
18 |
|
| 16 (15) |
|
Leaf margins more or less parallel to the end, inflorescence simple, petals united |
|
Guzmania monostachya |
|
|
Margins not parallel, leaves elongated, triangular, tapering towards the apex, inflorescences simple or branching, petals separate |
|
17 |
|
| 17 (16) |
|
Leaves soft, inflorescence simple or with 2-3 branches, never palmate, floral bracts under 1 cm |
|
Tillandsia variabilis |
|
|
Leaves rigid, inflorescence slightly or densely palmate, 2-3 pinnate, 3-15 spikes (generally 8), floral bracts over 1 cm |
|
Tillandsia fasciculata |
|
| 18 (15) |
|
Stems becoming pseudo-bulbs, leaves larger than 15 cm, not distichous |
|
Encyclia cochleata |
|
|
Stems elongated, leaves under 15 cm, distichous |
|
19 |
|
| 19 (18) |
|
Flowers mostly solitary |
|
Epidendrum nocturnum |
|
|
Flowers in inflorescences |
|
20 |
|
| 20 (19) |
|
Leaves 3-8 cm long, 1-2.5 cm wide, flowers in spike |
|
Epidendrum rigidum |
|
|
Leaves 5-12 cm long, up to 5 cm wide, flowers in umbels |
|
Epidendrum secundum |
|
| 21 (14) |
|
Leaves fleshy or coriaceous |
|
22 |
|
|
Leaves membraneous to papery |
|
23 |
|
| 22 (21) |
|
Plant not climbing, leaves with small, almost white patches |
|
Oeceoclades maculata |
|
|
Plant climbing, leaves without patches |
|
Vanilla phaeantha |
|
| 23 (21) |
|
Plant climbing, inflorescence in umbel, perianth pink, about 2 cm, fruit in capsule |
|
Bomarea edulis |
|
|
Plants may be climbing, inflorescence not in umbel, flowers small, without perianth, fruit in grain |
|
24 |
|
| 24 (23) |
|
Culms woody, sheath with bristle at apex, spicules cylindrical, 3-4 florets, one directly attached |
|
Arthrostylidium reflexum |
|
|
Culms herbaceous or slightly woody (bambusiform) |
|
25 |
|
| 25 (24) |
|
Culms herbaceous, limbs flat with scabrid margins |
|
26 |
|
|
Culms bambusiform, leaves with short petioles |
|
27 |
|
| 26 (25) |
|
Panicles racemose, densely seriaceous. Spicules germinating, with unequal pedicels, 4-4.5 mm, slightly acuminate, densely pilose |
|
Digitaria insularis |
|
|
Panicle compound, spicule directly attached, 3-5 mm, without arista, with villous callus at base, apex of each raceme more developed than the rest |
|
Andropogon bicornis |
|
| 27 (25) |
|
Spicules pistilate, with long pedicels, leaves with glabrous or hispid sheaths, limbs oblong-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, up to 20 cm by 1.5-7 cm |
|
Olyra latifolia |
|
|
Spicules almost globous or ovoid, leaves distichous, sheaths glabrescent or slightly pubescent, margins ciliate. Limbs linear-lanceolate, 3-12 cm by 4-12 mm |
|
Lasiacis divaricata |
|
| 28 (10) |
|
Plants ground growing |
|
29 |
|
|
Plants epiphytic, climbing, or lianas |
|
40 |
|
| 29 (28) |
|
Leaf-surface over 20 cm long, inflorescence spathe-shaped |
|
30 |
|
|
Leaf surface under 20 cm long, inflorescence in other form |
|
31 |
|
| 30 (29) |
|
Leaf surface ovate to oblong, shiny, peduncle and inflorescence as long or longer than leaves |
|
Anthurium venosum |
|
|
Leaf surface obovate, not shiny, peduncle and inflorescence much shorter than leaves |
|
Anthurium cubense |
|
| 31 (29) |
|
Leaves alternate |
|
32 |
|
|
Leaves opposite or in whorls |
|
37 |
|
| 32 (31) |
|
Leaf margin entire |
|
33 |
|
|
Leaf margin dentate, serrate, or lobed |
|
35 |
|
| 33 (32) |
|
Leaves fleshy, flowers very small, in dense spikes |
|
34 |
|
|
Leaves papery, flowers up to 4 cm, attractive, in lax spikes |
|
Plumbago scandens |
|
| 34 (33) |
|
Petiole up to 1 cm, leaf generally ovate to ovate-elliptic |
|
Peperomia glabella |
|
|
Petiole over 1 cm, leaf generally obovate, obovate-elliptic to almost orbicular |
|
Peperomia magnoliifolia |
|
| 35 (32) |
|
Plants with stinging hairs, flowers small, green, in axillary groups |
|
Fleurya havanensis |
|
|
Plant without stinging hairs, flowers attractive, pink or yellow, generally solitary |
|
36 |
|
| 36 (35) |
|
Leaf surface broadly ovate, often 3-5 lobed, over 3 cm wide, petals pink |
|
Urena lobata |
|
|
Leaf surface elongated ovate to oblong-lanceolate, under 2 cm wide, petals yellow |
|
Sida spinosa |
|
| 37 (31) |
|
Leaves in whorls, fleshy |
|
Peperomia verticillata |
|
|
Leaves opposite, papery |
|
38 |
|
| 38 (37) |
|
Leaf margin lobed, base generally truncated to almost heart-shaped |
|
Phania matricarioides |
|
|
Leaf margin entire, base pointed to obtuse or rounded |
|
39 |
|
| 39 (38) |
|
Leaves generally longer than 8 cm, elongated acuminate at apex, flowers in terminal panicles |
|
Ancistranthus harpochiloides |
|
|
Leaves up to 8 cm long, pointed to acuminate at apex, flowers in spikes |
|
Justicia roigii |
|
| 40 (28) |
|
Plants epiphytic |
|
41 |
|
|
Climbers or lianas |
|
42 |
|
| 41 (40) |
|
Petiole under 1 cm, leaf surface generally ovate to ovate-elliptic |
|
Peperomia glabella |
|
|
Petiole over 1 cm, leaf surface generally obovate, obovate-elliptic to almost orbicular |
|
Peperomia magnoliifolia |
|
| 42 (40) |
|
Climbers with adventitious roots, leaves over 10 cm long, inflorescence in spathe |
|
43 |
|
|
Climbers or lianas without adventitious roots, leaves generally shorter than 10 cm, inflorescence in other form |
|
44 |
|
| 43 (42) |
|
Leaves pinnatilobate |
|
Philodendron lacerum |
|
|
Leaves never pinnatilobate |
|
Philodendron consanguineum |
|
| 44 (42) |
|
Leaves elliptic-oblong, up to 3 cm long, 1 cm wide |
|
Aristolochia tigrina |
|
|
Leaves ovate, ovate-elliptic, ovate-lanceolate, cordate or cordiform-hastate, over 3 cm long and 1 cm wide |
|
45 |
|
| 45 (44) |
|
Leaves cordiform or cordiform-hastate, base deeply cordate, margin entire |
|
46 |
|
|
Leaves ovate to ovate-elliptic or almost cordate, base obtuse or crenate |
|
48 |
|
| 46 (45) |
|
Leaf apex acuminate, flowers actinomorphic |
|
Ipomoea nil |
|
|
Leaf apex obtuse to rounded, flowers zygomorphic |
|
47 |
|
| 47 (46) |
|
Leaves cordiform, with pseudo-stipule |
|
Aristolochia elegans |
|
|
Leaves cordiform-hastate, without pseudo-stipule |
|
Aristolochia glandulosa |
|
| 48 (45) |
|
Leaves pubescent on both sides, inflorescence surrounded by two large ovate-deltoid bracts |
|
Dalechampia denticulata |
|
|
Leaves almost glabrous, inflorescences without bracts |
|
49 |
|
| 49 (48) |
|
Leaves membranous, flowers in racemes, fruit dry, 3-winged |
|
Gouania lupuloides |
|
|
Leaves slightly fleshy, flowers in cymes, fruit in berry |
|
Cissus sicyoides |
|
| 50 (9) |
|
Leaves with 2 leaflets |
|
Neomacfadya podopogon |
|
|
Leaves with 3 leaflets |
|
51 |
|
| 51 (50) |
|
Leaflet margin comonly serrated, apex pointed to acuminate |
|
Clematis dioica |
|
|
Leaflet margin entire, apex abruptly acuminate |
|
Mucuna urens |